Authors
Lea Andrée, Rik Oude Egberink, Renée Heesakkers, Ceri-Anne E Suurmond, Lucas S Joziasse, Masoomeh Khalifeh, Rong Wang, Fang Yang, Roland Brock, Sander C G Leeuwenburgh
Keywords
Gelatin nanoparticles, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, lipid-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles, mRNA delivery, nanocomposite, transfection, Off-the-shelf RNA
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c12721
Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
PMID: 39284017
PMCID: PMC11440464
Abstract
Local delivery of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is increasingly being advocated as a promising new strategy to enhance the performance of biomaterials. While extensive research has been dedicated to the complexation of these oligonucleotides into nanoparticles to facilitate systemic delivery, research on developing suitable biomaterial carriers for the local delivery of mRNA is still scarce. So far, mRNA-nanoparticles (mRNA-NPs) are mainly loaded into traditional polymeric hydrogels. Here, we show that calcium phosphate nanoparticles can be used for both reinforcement of nanoparticle-based hydrogels and the complexation of mRNA. mRNA was incorporated into lipid-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles (LCPs) formulated with a fusogenic ionizable lipid in the outer layer of the lipid coat. Nanocomposites of gelatin and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were prepared at various ratios. Higher hydroxyapatite nanoparticle content increased the viscoelastic properties of the nanocomposite but did not affect its self-healing ability. Combination of these nanocomposites with peptide, lipid, and the LCP mRNA formulations achieved local mRNA release as demonstrated by protein expression in cells in contact with the biomaterials. The LCP-based formulation was superior to the other formulations by showing less sensitivity to hydroxyapatite and the highest cytocompatibility.
